World History
History of Turkmenistan. This is a decent short essay on the history of the Asian nation of Turkmenistan.
Wikipedia notes that, "Turkmenistan, formerly known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia. It has borders with Afghanistan, Iran (Persia), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and has a coastline on the Caspian Sea."
From the site:
The territory of Turkmenistan has been populated since ancient times, as armies from one empire to another decamped on their way to more prosperous territories. Tribes of horsebreeding Turkmen drifted into the territory of Turkmenistan from ancient times, possibly from the Altay Mountains, and grazed along the outskirts of the Karakum Desert into Persia, Syria, and Anatolia.
Alexander the Great conquered the territory in the 4th century B.C. on his way to India. One hundred fifty years later the Parthian Kingdom took control of Turkmenistan, establishing its capital in Nisa, an area now located in the suburbs of the modern-day capital of Ashgabat. In the 7th century A.D. Arabs conquered this region, bringing with them the Islamic religion and incorporating the Turkmen into Middle Eastern culture. It was around this time that the famous "Silk Road" was established as a major trading route between Asia and Europe.
In the middle of the 11th century, the powerful Turks of the Seldjuk Empire concentrated their strength in the territory of Turkmenistan in an attempt to expand into Afghanistan. The empire broke down in the second half of the 12th century, and the Turkmen lost their independence when Genghis Khan took control of the eastern Caspian Sea region on his march west. For the next 7 centuries, the Turkmen people lived under various empires and fought constant intertribal wars amongst themselves.
- History Of Kazakhstan
History of Kazakhstan. This is a brief history of the former Soviet republic of Kazakhstan in Asia. Yeah, it is hard to spell and I bet most Americans are clueless as to where it is! (Hint: It is right next to Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.)...
- History Of Kyrgyzstan
History of Kyrgyzstan. This is a brief history of the Asian nation and former Soviet state of Kyrgyzstan. It is hard to pronounce and even tougher to spell! The Encyclopædia Britannica notes, "Officially Kyrgyz Republic , Kyrgyz Kyrgyz Respublikasy ,...
- History Of Macedonia
History of Macedonia. This is a brief history of the modern European nation of Macedonia. As the Government of Greece will point out, modern Macedonia is not quite the same as ancient Macedonia.The Encyclopædia Britannica notes, "Country of the southern...
- History Of Tajikistan
History of Tajikistan. This is a brief essay which covers the history of the Soviet successor state of Tajikstan located in Asia. Wikipedia notes, "The Republic of Tajikistan (??????????), formerly known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, is a country...
- History Of Uzbekistan
History of Uzbekistan. This is a brief but easy to read history of the Soviet successor state of Uzbekistan. The emphasis is on the 20th Century history. According to Wikipedia, "The Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia....
World History
History of Turkmenistan
History of Turkmenistan. This is a decent short essay on the history of the Asian nation of Turkmenistan.
Wikipedia notes that, "Turkmenistan, formerly known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia. It has borders with Afghanistan, Iran (Persia), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and has a coastline on the Caspian Sea."
From the site:
The territory of Turkmenistan has been populated since ancient times, as armies from one empire to another decamped on their way to more prosperous territories. Tribes of horsebreeding Turkmen drifted into the territory of Turkmenistan from ancient times, possibly from the Altay Mountains, and grazed along the outskirts of the Karakum Desert into Persia, Syria, and Anatolia.
Alexander the Great conquered the territory in the 4th century B.C. on his way to India. One hundred fifty years later the Parthian Kingdom took control of Turkmenistan, establishing its capital in Nisa, an area now located in the suburbs of the modern-day capital of Ashgabat. In the 7th century A.D. Arabs conquered this region, bringing with them the Islamic religion and incorporating the Turkmen into Middle Eastern culture. It was around this time that the famous "Silk Road" was established as a major trading route between Asia and Europe.
In the middle of the 11th century, the powerful Turks of the Seldjuk Empire concentrated their strength in the territory of Turkmenistan in an attempt to expand into Afghanistan. The empire broke down in the second half of the 12th century, and the Turkmen lost their independence when Genghis Khan took control of the eastern Caspian Sea region on his march west. For the next 7 centuries, the Turkmen people lived under various empires and fought constant intertribal wars amongst themselves.
- History Of Kazakhstan
History of Kazakhstan. This is a brief history of the former Soviet republic of Kazakhstan in Asia. Yeah, it is hard to spell and I bet most Americans are clueless as to where it is! (Hint: It is right next to Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.)...
- History Of Kyrgyzstan
History of Kyrgyzstan. This is a brief history of the Asian nation and former Soviet state of Kyrgyzstan. It is hard to pronounce and even tougher to spell! The Encyclopædia Britannica notes, "Officially Kyrgyz Republic , Kyrgyz Kyrgyz Respublikasy ,...
- History Of Macedonia
History of Macedonia. This is a brief history of the modern European nation of Macedonia. As the Government of Greece will point out, modern Macedonia is not quite the same as ancient Macedonia.The Encyclopædia Britannica notes, "Country of the southern...
- History Of Tajikistan
History of Tajikistan. This is a brief essay which covers the history of the Soviet successor state of Tajikstan located in Asia. Wikipedia notes, "The Republic of Tajikistan (??????????), formerly known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, is a country...
- History Of Uzbekistan
History of Uzbekistan. This is a brief but easy to read history of the Soviet successor state of Uzbekistan. The emphasis is on the 20th Century history. According to Wikipedia, "The Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia....