World History
History of Ecuador. This is a short overview to the history of the South American nation of Ecuador.
From the site:
Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador long before the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. In 1534, the Spanish arrived and defeated the Inca armies, and Spanish colonists became the new elite. The indigenous population was decimated by disease in the first decades of Spanish rule--a time when the natives also were forced into the "encomienda" labor system for Spanish landlords. In 1563, Quito became the seat of a royal "audiencia" (administrative district) of Spain.
After independence forces defeated the royalist army in 1822, Ecuador joined Simon Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia, only to become a separate republic in 1830. The 19th century was marked by instability, with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel Garcia Moreno unified the country in the 1860s with the support of the Catholic Church. In the late 1800s, world demand for cocoa tied the economy to commodity exports and led to migrations from the highlands to the agricultural frontier on the coast.
A coastal-based liberal revolution in 1895 under Eloy Alfaro reduced the power of the clergy and opened the way for capitalist development. The end of the cocoa boom produced renewed political instability and a military coup in 1925. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by populist politicians such as five-time president Jose Velasco Ibarra. In January 1942, Ecuador signed the Rio Protocol to end a brief war with Peru the year before. Ecuador agreed to a border that conceded to Peru much territory Ecuador previously had claimed in the Amazon. After World War II, a recovery in the market for agricultural commodities and the growth of the banana industry helped restore prosperity and political peace. From 1948-60, three presidents--beginning with Galo Plaza--were freely elected and completed their terms.
- History Of Nicaragua
History of Nicaragua. This is an essay which deals with the history of the Central American nation of Nicaragua. Wikipedia notes that, "Nicaragua is the largest country in Central America. However, although it is indeed the largest Central American nation,...
- History Of Peru
History of Peru. This is brief but well written overview to the history of the South American nation of Peru. From the site: When the Spanish landed in 1531, Peru's territory was the nucleus of the highly developed Inca civilization. Centered...
- History Of Colombia
History of Colombia - This is a general overview to the historu of the South American nation of Columbia. From the site: During the pre-Colombian period, the area now known as Colombia was inhabited by indigenous peoples who were primitive hunters...
- History Of Chile
History of Chile. Offers a brief and interesting history of this South American nation. From the site: About 10,000 years ago, migrating Indians settled in fertile valleys and along the coast of what is now Chile. The Incas briefly extended their...
- History Of Bolivia
History of Bolivia. This is a short history of Bolivia. It includes information from the Tiwanakan culture to President Carlos Mesa. From the site: The Andean region probably has been inhabited for some 20,000 years. Beginning about the 2d century...
World History
History of Ecuador
History of Ecuador. This is a short overview to the history of the South American nation of Ecuador.
From the site:
Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador long before the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. In 1534, the Spanish arrived and defeated the Inca armies, and Spanish colonists became the new elite. The indigenous population was decimated by disease in the first decades of Spanish rule--a time when the natives also were forced into the "encomienda" labor system for Spanish landlords. In 1563, Quito became the seat of a royal "audiencia" (administrative district) of Spain.
After independence forces defeated the royalist army in 1822, Ecuador joined Simon Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia, only to become a separate republic in 1830. The 19th century was marked by instability, with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel Garcia Moreno unified the country in the 1860s with the support of the Catholic Church. In the late 1800s, world demand for cocoa tied the economy to commodity exports and led to migrations from the highlands to the agricultural frontier on the coast.
A coastal-based liberal revolution in 1895 under Eloy Alfaro reduced the power of the clergy and opened the way for capitalist development. The end of the cocoa boom produced renewed political instability and a military coup in 1925. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by populist politicians such as five-time president Jose Velasco Ibarra. In January 1942, Ecuador signed the Rio Protocol to end a brief war with Peru the year before. Ecuador agreed to a border that conceded to Peru much territory Ecuador previously had claimed in the Amazon. After World War II, a recovery in the market for agricultural commodities and the growth of the banana industry helped restore prosperity and political peace. From 1948-60, three presidents--beginning with Galo Plaza--were freely elected and completed their terms.
- History Of Nicaragua
History of Nicaragua. This is an essay which deals with the history of the Central American nation of Nicaragua. Wikipedia notes that, "Nicaragua is the largest country in Central America. However, although it is indeed the largest Central American nation,...
- History Of Peru
History of Peru. This is brief but well written overview to the history of the South American nation of Peru. From the site: When the Spanish landed in 1531, Peru's territory was the nucleus of the highly developed Inca civilization. Centered...
- History Of Colombia
History of Colombia - This is a general overview to the historu of the South American nation of Columbia. From the site: During the pre-Colombian period, the area now known as Colombia was inhabited by indigenous peoples who were primitive hunters...
- History Of Chile
History of Chile. Offers a brief and interesting history of this South American nation. From the site: About 10,000 years ago, migrating Indians settled in fertile valleys and along the coast of what is now Chile. The Incas briefly extended their...
- History Of Bolivia
History of Bolivia. This is a short history of Bolivia. It includes information from the Tiwanakan culture to President Carlos Mesa. From the site: The Andean region probably has been inhabited for some 20,000 years. Beginning about the 2d century...