World History
350th Anniversary of the Peace of Westphalia - Prepared in connection with the 1998 celebrations of the anniversary at Munster, this site contains a year-by-year time-line and short essays on the war and the peace. It is hard to believe that Sweden and Germany were once at war. This site is in reference to the Thirty Years War.
Unfortunately, the site is in frames which may make it difficult for some Web browsers to access. What is wrong with straight html code with the actual url visible?
Most of the articles are available in Dutch, Swedish, Spanish and French. Some material is in German only.
From the site:
The signing of the final treaties of the Peace of Westphalia on 24 October 1648 in Münster and Osnabrück marked the first time in the history of Europe that peace had been reached by negotiation. Life in the two cities had been dictated for five years by the negotiations conducted in the envoys' quarters. The population of Münster, totalling 12,000 at the time, was boosted by an additional 10,000 due to the 34 diplomats with a retinue of up to 200 persons and the baggage-train which ministered to their needs. The police are anticipating an even larger number of onlookers wishing to be part of the events when 20 European heads of state visit Münster on 24 October 1998.
The pointers to the peace negotiations of 350 years ago in the current cityscape of Münster create a strong impression. Direct testimony is provided by the buildings reconstructed post-1945 with the help of historical models: the fully preserved Friedenssaal (Peace Hall) of the Rathaus, in which the Peace of Münster was sworn on 15 May 1648, and the Krameramtshaus, which was home to the Netherlands envoys from 1644 to 1648.
Further evidence of the anniversary of the Peace are visibly preserved for posterity in the city. In the cobbles of the inner courtyard of the Rathaus, the observant passer-by will see a scroll under a glass panel. The document is a message of peace composed by young people from Germany and Holland, which was presented to the Mayoress Marion Tüns when Crown Prince Willem Alexander of Holland visited Münster on 15 May 1998. The chestnut tree planted by the Dalai Lama on land formerly used by the military during his visit to the city on 6 June 1998 will also grow into a symbol of peace.
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World History
350th Anniversary of the Peace of Westphalia
350th Anniversary of the Peace of Westphalia - Prepared in connection with the 1998 celebrations of the anniversary at Munster, this site contains a year-by-year time-line and short essays on the war and the peace. It is hard to believe that Sweden and Germany were once at war. This site is in reference to the Thirty Years War.
Unfortunately, the site is in frames which may make it difficult for some Web browsers to access. What is wrong with straight html code with the actual url visible?
Most of the articles are available in Dutch, Swedish, Spanish and French. Some material is in German only.
From the site:
The signing of the final treaties of the Peace of Westphalia on 24 October 1648 in Münster and Osnabrück marked the first time in the history of Europe that peace had been reached by negotiation. Life in the two cities had been dictated for five years by the negotiations conducted in the envoys' quarters. The population of Münster, totalling 12,000 at the time, was boosted by an additional 10,000 due to the 34 diplomats with a retinue of up to 200 persons and the baggage-train which ministered to their needs. The police are anticipating an even larger number of onlookers wishing to be part of the events when 20 European heads of state visit Münster on 24 October 1998.
The pointers to the peace negotiations of 350 years ago in the current cityscape of Münster create a strong impression. Direct testimony is provided by the buildings reconstructed post-1945 with the help of historical models: the fully preserved Friedenssaal (Peace Hall) of the Rathaus, in which the Peace of Münster was sworn on 15 May 1648, and the Krameramtshaus, which was home to the Netherlands envoys from 1644 to 1648.
Further evidence of the anniversary of the Peace are visibly preserved for posterity in the city. In the cobbles of the inner courtyard of the Rathaus, the observant passer-by will see a scroll under a glass panel. The document is a message of peace composed by young people from Germany and Holland, which was presented to the Mayoress Marion Tüns when Crown Prince Willem Alexander of Holland visited Münster on 15 May 1998. The chestnut tree planted by the Dalai Lama on land formerly used by the military during his visit to the city on 6 June 1998 will also grow into a symbol of peace.
- Peace Of Augsburg
Peace of Augsburg The Peace of Augsburg refers to a settlement between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Lutheran princes that accorded Lutheran churches legal status in Germany. This settlement resolved the conflict on a state level but did not...
- Thirty Years’ War
Thirty Years’ War The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars, escalating from armed clashes of German princes to military confrontations involving all major European monarchs from 1618 to 1648. It was a crucial stage in the ongoing European...
- Q&a: Horn's Bitter Border War
Q&A: Horn's bitter border war. This article examines the main issues behind the 1998-2000 border conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, the problem of determining a boundary between the nations after the Algiers peace settlement, and the role of...
- The Lebanon War
THE LEBANON WAR. Israeli perspective on the war against Lebanon and resulting occupation, from the Anti-Defamation League. From the site: In Lebanon, the fragile state of no-war, no-peace, in place since 1973, began to break down as the PLO strengthened...
- Camp David Accords -- Framework For Peace
Camp David Accords -- Framework for Peace - A survey of the 1978 Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel, with sections: Prelude, Preparations, Negotiations, and Legacy; from the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library. From the site: The history...